નથુરામ ગોડસે
વિકિપીડિયા થી
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નથુરામ વિનાયક ગોડસે (મરાઠી: नथूराम विनायक गोडसे) (૧૯ મે ૧૯૧૦ – ૧૫ નવેમ્બર ૧૯૪૯) એ મહાત્મા ગાંધીની હત્યા કરી હતી.
અનુક્રમ |
[ફેરફાર કરો] જીવન ઝરમર
નથુરામ નો જન્મ પુના જીલાનાં કામસેત સ્ટેશનથી ૧૬ કિ.મી. દુર આવેલા એક નાનકડા ગામ ઉકસણમાં રૂઢિચુસ્ત બ્રાહ્મણ પરિવારમાં થયો હતો. તેમના પિતા વિનાયક વામનરાવ ગોડસે ટપાલ ખાતામાં સામાન્ય કારકુન્ હતા અને માતાનું નામ હતું લક્ષ્મી (લગ્ન પૂર્વે ગોદાવરી). જન્મ સમયે માતાપિતાએ નથુરામનું નામ રામચંદ્ર પાડ્યું હતું.
Nathuram attended the local school at Baramati up through the fifth standard. Then he was sent to live with an aunt in Pune so that he could study at an English-language school. During his school days, Gandhi was an idol to him.[૧]
Godse was raised by his parents as a girl in his childhood, wore a nose ring and was believed by his kin to have oracular powers. He would sit before the family Goddess, staring fixedly at a spot of soot smeared in the exact centre of a copper tray, and soon fall into a trance. While in the trance, he would see some figures or writing in the black spot before him, much as a crystal-gazer is supposed to see in his glass ball. Then one or other member of the family would ask him questions. His answers were those believed to be those of the goddess, who spoke through his mouth. His left nostril was pierced to take a nath or nose ring.[૨]
In 1930, Nathuram's father was transferred to the town of Ratnagiri. While staying with his parents at Ratnagiri, the young Nathuram first met Veer Savarkar, a proponent of Hindutva.
[ફેરફાર કરો] 1935 - 1949
[ફેરફાર કરો] Turn to fundamentalist path
Godse dropped out of high school and became an activist with the Hindu Mahasabha. Godse was an RSS activist who left the organisation in 1932.[૩]. Godse tried his hand at carpentry and was a tailor before shifting to Poona to start a right-wing Marathi newspaper for Hindu Mahasabha called Agrami, which some years later was renamed Hindu Rashtra.
The Hindu Mahasabha had initially backed Gandhi's campaigns of civil disobedience against the British government.Template:Fact However, Godse and his mentors later rejected Gandhi. They felt that Gandhi was sacrificing Hindu interests in an effort to appease minority groups. They blamed Gandhi for the bloody Partition of India, which left hundreds of thousands of people dead.
[ફેરફાર કરો] Assassin
Godse assassinated Gandhi on January 30, 1948, approaching him during the evening prayer, bowing, and shooting him three times at close range with a Beretta semi-automatic pistol.[૪] Immediately after this, he surrendered himself to police, rather than running away. He said, "No one should think that Gandhi was killed by a madman".Template:Fact
The immediate motive for the assassination is usually ascribed to Gandhi's decision to fast to the death unless the Indian central government allowed the transfer of 55 crore (550 million) rupees to the new independent republic of Pakistan. The transfer had been specified in the partition agreement, but the Indian government had refused to complete it, complaining of continued Pakistani rebel occupation of disputed parts of Kashmir.
The Indian government immediately reversed its decision to withhold the funds, which infuriated Godse and his fellow Hindu radicals.
[ફેરફાર કરો] Trial and execution
Following the assassination, Godse was put on trial beginning May 27, 1948. During the trial, he did not defend any charge and openly admitted that he killed Gandhi. On November 8, 1949 Godse was sentenced to death for the killing. He was hanged at Ambala Jail on November 15, 1949, along with Narayan Apte, the other conspirator. Savarkar was also charged with conspiracy in the assassination of Gandhi, but was acquitted and subsequently released.
[ફેરફાર કરો] Aftermath
Millions of Indians mourned Gandhi's assassination. Massive anti-Brahmin riots spread, especially across Maharashtra state, as Godse was a Brahmin. The Sangli and Miraj regions were hit harder. Houses of Brahmins were burned, and a number of people died. The Maratha protagonists were largely supposed to be behind the arson. The Hindu Mahasabha was vilified and the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh, the RSS, was temporarily banned. However, later investigators could find no evidence that the RSS bureaucracy had formally sponsored or even knew of Godse's plot. The RSS ban was lifted by Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru and Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel in 1949.
The RSS to this day denies any connection with Godse and dispute the claim that he was a member; they say that Godse was definitely a member of the Congress Party, and that if any party should be blamed, it should be the Congress, not the RSS.
A film Nine Hours to Rama was made in 1963 and was based on the events leading up to the assassination, seen mainly from Godse's point-of-view. The film Hey Ram made in 2000 also briefly touches the events related to the assassination. The popular Marathi language drama Mee Nathuram Godse Boltoy ("This is Nathuram Godse Speaking") was also made from Godse's point of view.[૫]
A Marathi play Mi Nathuram Godse Boltoy (This Is Nathuram Godse) was produced, based on Godse's life. The role of Godse was played by Sharad Ponkshe.
Historian Y.D. Phadke has written the book Nathuramayan on this chapter in Indian history, debunking many myths concerning Godse.
[ફેરફાર કરો] List of accused
List of people accused of involvement in the assassination of Mahatma Gandhi:
- Nathuram Vinayak Godse
- Narayan Dattatraya Apte
- Vishnu Ramkrishna Karkare
- Madanlal Kashmirilal Pahwa
- Shankar Kistaiya
- Gopal Vinayak Godse
- Digambar Badge
- Dattatraya Sadashiv Parchure
- Gangadhar Dandavate
- Gangadhar Jadhav
- Suryadev Sharma
[ફેરફાર કરો] Notes
- ↑ Time (14 February 2000). "His Principle of Peace Was Bogus". Retrieved 3 July 2007
- ↑ Godse was a girl
- ↑ The Hindu (18 August 2004). "RSS releases 'proof' of its innocence". Retrieved 26 June 2007
- ↑ TIME (9 February 1948). "Of Truth and Shame". Retrieved 26 June 2007
- ↑ Rediff on the NeT. "Mee Nathuram Godse Boltoy - The Transcript".
[ફેરફાર કરો] References
- Nathuram Godse. Why I Assassinated Mahatma Gandhi, Surya Bharti, Delhi, India, 2003. Template:OCLC
- Nathuram Godse. May it Please Your Honor!, Surya Bharti, India, 2003.
- G.D. Khosla. Murder of the Mahatma and Other Cases from a Judge's Notebook, Jaico Publishing House, 1968. ISBN 0-88253-051-8.
- Koenraad Elst. Gandhi and Godse - a Review and a Critique, Voice of India, 2001. ISBN 8185990719
- Y. D. Phadke. Nathuramayan
[ફેરફાર કરો] External links
- ગોડસેએ ન્યાયાલયમાં આપેલું પોતાનું નિવેદન
- ગોડસે તરફી વેબ સાઇટ-અન્ય કડીઓ અને ઇન્ટર્વ્યૂઓ
- ફેબ્રુઆરી ૨૦૦૦માં ટાઇમ્સ સામયિકે પ્રકાશિત કરેલો ગોપાલ ગોડસેનો ઇન્ટર્વ્યૂ
- રેડીફે (વેબ સાઇટ Rediff) ઇ.સ. ૧૯૯૮માં લીધેલો ગોપાલ ગોડસેનો ઇન્ટર્વ્યૂ
- નથુરામ ગોડસેને સમર્પિત વેબ સાઇટ
- ગોડસે તરફી નાટક વિષે ચર્ચા કરતો અનુચ્છેદ
- ગાંધીજીની હત્યાનો સાક્ષી
- ગાંધીજીની હત્યાના સાક્ષીએ રજુ કરેલો વીડીયો પુરાવો
- પોલીસે નોંધેલી એફ.આઇ.આર. (First Information Report)
