જાક રૂસો: આવૃત્તિઓ વચ્ચેનો તફાવત

Content deleted Content added

Inline

૦૦:૦૬, ૧૭ નવેમ્બર ૨૦૧૭ સુધીનાં પુનરાવર્તન

જાક રૂસો (1683, જિનીવા - 1753, ઇસ્ફાહન) એક સ્વિસ ઘડીયાળ હતા. ફ્રાન્સના લૂઈ ચૌદમાના હુકમ પર તેઓ 1708માં મુત્સદ્દીગીરી કાર્ય માટે ઇસ્ફાહન, પર્શિયા (હવે ઈરાન)માં મોકલવામાં આવ્યા હતા. ત્યાં તેઓ પર્શિયાના શાહ હુસૈનના ઝવેરી બન્યા જ્યારે તેમના ભાઈ આઇઝેક રૂસો (બંનેના પિતા લખનાર અને ફિલસૂફ જીન-જાક રૂસો હતા) કોન્સ્ટેન્ટિનોપોલમાં (1705-1711) ઉસ્માની સુલતાન અહમદ ત્રીજાના ઝવેરી અને ઘડીયાળ બન્યા.

જાકનું અવસાન ઇસ્ફાહનમાં જ થયું હતું, જ્યાં તેમની કબ્ર આર્મેનીયાઈ ખ્રિસ્તી કબ્રસ્તાનમાં આવેલી છે.

તેમના લગ્ન રેને ડી લ'એસ્તોઇલે સાથે થયા અને તેમના દીકરા જીન-ફ્રાન્ચવા રૂસો અને તેમના પૌત્ર જીન બાપ્તિસ્તે રૂસો બંને પણ પર્શિયામાં મુત્સદ્દીઓ અને પ્રાચ્યવાદીઓ બન્યા.

સંદર્ભો

Blasing, Uwe; Arakelova, Victoria; Weinreich, Matthias; Gevorgian, Khachik, સંપાદકો (2015). Studies on Iran and The Caucasus. BRILL. પૃષ્ઠ 118. ISBN 978-9004302068.Check date values in: 2015 (help); |display-editors= suggested (help)

Fisher, William Bayne; Jackson, Peter; Lockhart, Lawrence, સંપાદકો (1986). "The Safavid Period". The Cambridge History of Iran (Vol. 6). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. પૃષ્ઠ 602. ISBN 978-0521200943.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)Check date values in: 1986 (help)

(French) Florence Hellot-Bellier, France-Iran : quatre cents ans de dialogue, in Studia Iranica, Cahier 34, 2007, Paris.

@@ લીટી ૯: / લીટી ૯: @@
 <div class="cx-template-editor-source-container" lang="en" style="display: none;" dir="ltr"><div class="cx-template-editor-source"><div title="This template formats a citation to a book using the provided bibliographic information (such as author and title) as well as various formatting options." class="cx-template-editor-title">Cite book</div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span class="cx-template-editor-param-key" id="title">Title</span><span title="The title of the book; displays in italics" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc" data-key="title"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" style="position: relative;" data-key="title">Studies on Iran and The Caucasus</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span class="cx-template-editor-param-key" id="date">Date</span><span title="Full date of the source; do not wikilink" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc" data-key="date"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" style="position: relative;" data-key="date">2015</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span class="cx-template-editor-param-key" id="publisher">Publisher</span><span title="Name of the publisher; displays after title" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc" data-key="publisher"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" style="position: relative;" data-key="publisher">BRILL</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span class="cx-template-editor-param-key" id="isbn">ISBN</span><span title="International Standard Book Number; use the 13-digit ISBN where possible" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc" data-key="isbn"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" style="position: relative;" data-key="isbn">978-9004302068</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span class="cx-template-editor-param-key" id="editor-last">Editor last name</span><span title="The surname of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc" data-key="editor-last"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" style="position: relative;" data-key="editor-last">Blasing</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span class="cx-template-editor-param-key" id="editor-first">Editor first name</span><span title="Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc" data-key="editor-first"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" style="position: relative;" data-key="editor-first">Uwe</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span class="cx-template-editor-param-key" id="editors">Editors list</span><span title="Free-form list of editor names; use of this parameter is discouraged" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc" data-key="editors"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" style="position: relative;" data-key="editors">Blasing</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span class="cx-template-editor-param-key" id="page">Page</span><span title="The number of a single page in the source that supports the content; displays after 'p.'; use either page= or pages=, but not both" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc" data-key="page"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" style="position: relative;" data-key="page">118</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span class="cx-template-editor-param-key" id="editor-last2">Last name of second editor</span><span title="The surname of the second editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor2-link'" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc" data-key="editor-last2"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" style="position: relative;" data-key="editor-last2">Arakelova</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span class="cx-template-editor-param-key" id="editor-first2">First name of second editor</span><span title="Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor2-link'" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc" data-key="editor-first2"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" style="position: relative;" data-key="editor-first2">Victoria</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span class="cx-template-editor-param-key" id="editor-last3">Last name of third editor</span><span title="The surname of the third editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor3-link'" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc" data-key="editor-last3"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" style="position: relative;" data-key="editor-last3">Weinreich</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span class="cx-template-editor-param-key" id="editor-first3">First name of third editor</span><span title="Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the third editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor3-link'" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc" data-key="editor-first3"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" style="position: relative;" data-key="editor-first3">Matthias</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span class="cx-template-editor-param-key" id="editor-last4">Last name of fourth editor</span><span title="The surname of the fourth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor4-link'" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc" data-key="editor-last4"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" style="position: relative;" data-key="editor-last4">Gevorgian</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span class="cx-template-editor-param-key" id="editor-first4">First name of fourth editor</span><span title="Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fourth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor4-link'" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc" data-key="editor-first4"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" style="position: relative;" data-key="editor-first4">Khachik</div></div></div></div>
 * {{Cite book|title=The Cambridge History of Iran (Vol. 6)|date=1986|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0521200943|editor-last=Fisher|editor-first=William Bayne|location=Cambridge|page=602|chapter=The Safavid Period|ref=harv|editor-last2=Jackson|editor-first2=Peter|editor-last3=Lockhart|editor-first3=Lawrence}}Check date values in: <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">1986</code> ([[મદદ:CS1 errors#bad date|help]]) [[શ્રેણી:CS1 errors: dates]]
+[[શ્રેણી:સફવી સામ્રાજ્ય]]
 <div class="cx-template-editor-source-container" lang="en" style="display: none;" dir="ltr"><div class="cx-template-editor-source"><div title="This template formats a citation to a book using the provided bibliographic information (such as author and title) as well as various formatting options." class="cx-template-editor-title">Cite book</div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span class="cx-template-editor-param-key" id="title">Title</span><span title="The title of the book; displays in italics" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc" data-key="title"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" id="CITEREFFisherJacksonLockhart1986-title-" style="position: relative;" data-key="title">The Cambridge History of Iran (Vol. 6)</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span class="cx-template-editor-param-key" id="date">Date</span><span title="Full date of the source; do not wikilink" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc" data-key="date"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" id="CITEREFFisherJacksonLockhart1986-date-" style="position: relative;" data-key="date">1986</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span class="cx-template-editor-param-key" id="publisher">Publisher</span><span title="Name of the publisher; displays after title" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc" data-key="publisher"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" id="CITEREFFisherJacksonLockhart1986-publisher-" style="position: relative;" data-key="publisher">Cambridge University Press</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span class="cx-template-editor-param-key" id="isbn">ISBN</span><span title="International Standard Book Number; use the 13-digit ISBN where possible" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc" data-key="isbn"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" id="CITEREFFisherJacksonLockhart1986-isbn-" style="position: relative;" data-key="isbn">978-0521200943</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span class="cx-template-editor-param-key" id="editor-last">Editor last name</span><span title="The surname of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc" data-key="editor-last"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" id="CITEREFFisherJacksonLockhart1986-editor-last-" style="position: relative;" data-key="editor-last">Fisher</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span class="cx-template-editor-param-key" id="editor-first">Editor first name</span><span title="Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc" data-key="editor-first"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" id="CITEREFFisherJacksonLockhart1986-editor-first-" style="position: relative;" data-key="editor-first">William Bayne</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span class="cx-template-editor-param-key" id="editors">Editors list</span><span title="Free-form list of editor names; use of this parameter is discouraged" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc" data-key="editors"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" id="CITEREFFisherJacksonLockhart1986-editors-" style="position: relative;" data-key="editors">Fisher</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span class="cx-template-editor-param-key" id="location">Location of publication</span><span title="Geographical place of publication; usually not wikilinked; omit when the publication name includes place" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc" data-key="location"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" id="CITEREFFisherJacksonLockhart1986-location-" style="position: relative;" data-key="location">Cambridge</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span class="cx-template-editor-param-key" id="page">Page</span><span title="The number of a single page in the source that supports the content; displays after 'p.'; use either page= or pages=, but not both" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc" data-key="page"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" id="CITEREFFisherJacksonLockhart1986-page-" style="position: relative;" data-key="page">602</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span class="cx-template-editor-param-key" id="chapter">Chapter</span><span title="The chapter heading of the source; may be wikilinked or with 'chapterurl' but not both. For the contribution alias, see contributor-last" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc" data-key="chapter"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" id="CITEREFFisherJacksonLockhart1986-chapter-" style="position: relative;" data-key="chapter">The Safavid Period</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span class="cx-template-editor-param-key" id="ref">Ref</span><span title="An anchor identifier; can be made the target of wikilinks to full references; special value 'harv' generates an anchor suitable for the harv and sfn templates" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc" data-key="ref"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" id="CITEREFFisherJacksonLockhart1986-ref-" style="position: relative;" data-key="ref">harv</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span class="cx-template-editor-param-key" id="editor-last2">Last name of second editor</span><span title="The surname of the second editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor2-link'" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc" data-key="editor-last2"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" id="CITEREFFisherJacksonLockhart1986-editor-last2-" style="position: relative;" data-key="editor-last2">Jackson</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span class="cx-template-editor-param-key" id="editor-first2">First name of second editor</span><span title="Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor2-link'" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc" data-key="editor-first2"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" id="CITEREFFisherJacksonLockhart1986-editor-first2-" style="position: relative;" data-key="editor-first2">Peter</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span class="cx-template-editor-param-key" id="editor-last3">Last name of third editor</span><span title="The surname of the third editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor3-link'" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc" data-key="editor-last3"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" id="CITEREFFisherJacksonLockhart1986-editor-last3-" style="position: relative;" data-key="editor-last3">Lockhart</div></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param"><div class="cx-template-editor-param-title"><span class="cx-template-editor-param-key" id="editor-first3">First name of third editor</span><span title="Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the third editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor3-link'" class="cx-template-editor-param-desc" data-key="editor-first3"></span></div><div class="cx-template-editor-param-value" id="CITEREFFisherJacksonLockhart1986-editor-first3-" style="position: relative;" data-key="editor-first3">Lawrence</div></div></div></div>
 * (French) Florence Hellot-Bellier, ''France-Iran : quatre cents ans de dialogue'', in ''Studia Iranica'', Cahier 34, 2007, Paris.