Usage of IPA pronunciation templates [ ફેરફાર કરો ]
Comparisons Introductory guides
Wikipedia offers several templates for proper display of IPA transcriptions.
In general, IPA symbols on a page should be enclosed in the {{IPA }} template, which formats the text in an IPA-producing font. If a substantial portion of a page uses IPA, it is customary to post notice of that fact with {{IPA notice }}, though each token still requires the {{IPA }} template for proper formatting.
If there are not enough occurrences to warrant a notice, then consider a template that links to an IPA key for the first instance of the IPA on a page or section.
For English words, in a broad, non-regional transcription, as when giving the pronunciation of a key word in an article, use templates linking to Help:IPA/English , a chart of the subset of the IPA that is relevant to English:
{{IPA-en }}, appearing as: English pronunciation: /word/ /word/ English: /word/ pronounced /word/
{{IPAc-en }}, which automates the conversion to IPA, so that {{IPAc-en|'|w|3r|d}} appears as For a specific transcription in a regional variety, use {{IPA-endia }} or {{IPA-all }}.
For words that are not assimilated into English, regional pronunciations of English words, and non-standard English dialects, use templates linking to the more general Help:IPA chart, containing all major IPA symbols:
{{IPA-all }}, appearing as: IPA: [word]
For specific languages, there may be dedicated IPA keys for standardized transcription. There are several options for their display. The first cell includes the ISO code of the language; the second is the transcription; the third keys an introductory phrase; and the fourth is space for a sound file. Using the French word eau [o] as an example, we have the default format:
{{IPA-fr|o}} → French pronunciation: [o]
Or the word "pronounced" can be used as the introduction:
{{IPA-fr|o|pron}} → pronounced [o]
Language name only:
{{IPA-fr|o|lang}} → French: [o]
"IPA" only:
{{IPA-fr|o|IPA}} → IPA: [o]
Link only:
Any of these may be combined with a sound file:
{{IPA-fr|o|lang|Fr-eau.ogg}} → French: [o] (listen
For the default introductory phrase, however, a placeholder such as “-” is required:
{{IPA-fr|o|-|Fr-eau.ogg}} → French pronunciation: [o] (listen
Supported languages and their templates
Afrikaans IPA-af }}Albanian IPA-sq }}Amharic IPA-am }}Arabic IPA-ar }}, {{IPA-aeb }} (Tunisian), {{IPA-acw }} (Hejazi) & {{IPA-arz }} (Egyptian) (see also {{IPAc-ar }} hereafter)Armenian IPA-hy }}Arpitan IPA-frp }}Assamese IPA-as }}Astur-Leonese IPA-ast }}, {{IPA-le }}, {{IPA-mwl }}, {{IPA-ext }}Australian Aboriginal languages IPA-aus }}Basque IPA-eu }}Belarusian IPA-be }}Bengali IPA-bn }}Berber (Tamaziɣt) IPA-tam }}Breton IPA-br }}Bulgarian Macedonian IPA-mk }} & {{IPA-bg }}Burmese IPA-my }}Cantonese IPA-yue }} (see also {{IPAc-yue }} hereafter)Catalan IPA-ca }} & {{IPA-va }}Colognian (Kölsch) IPA-ksh }}Corsican IPA-co }}Czech IPA-cs }}Danish IPA-da }}Dutch Flemish IPA-nl }}English IPA-en }} & {{IPA-endia }} (see also {{IPAc-en }} hereafter)Esperanto IPA-eo }}Fijian IPA-fj }}Finnish Estonian IPA-fi }} & {{IPA-et }}French IPA-fr }} (see also {{IPAc-fr }} hereafter)Georgian IPA-ka }} (see also {{IPAc-ka }} hereafter)German IPA-de }} & {{IPA-gsw }} (Alemannic)Greek IPA-el }}Guaraní IPA-gn }}Gujarati IPA-gu }}Haitian Creole IPA-ht }}Hawaiian IPA-haw }}Hebrew IPA-he }} (see also {{IPAc-he }} hereafter)Hindustani IPA-hns }}, {{IPA-hi }} & {{IPA-ur }}Hungarian IPA-hu }} (see also {{IPAc-hu }} hereafter)Icelandic IPA-is }}Inuktitut IPA-iu }}Irish IPA-ga }} (see also {{IPAc-ga }} hereafter)Italian IPA-it }} (see also {{IPAc-it }} hereafter)Japanese IPA-ja }} (see also {{IPAc-ja }} hereafter)Judaeo-Spanish IPA-lad }}Kashmiri IPA-ks }}Kazakh IPA-kk }}Khmer IPA-km }}Klingon IPA-tlh }}Korean IPA-ko }} (see also {{IPAc-ko }} hereafter)Kurdish IPA-ku }}Latin IPA-la }}Latvian IPA-lv }}Laz IPA-lzz }}Lithuanian IPA-lt }}Lombard IPA-lmo }}Luxembourgish IPA-lb }}Macedonian IPA-mk }}Malagasy IPA-mg }}Malay Indonesian IPA-may }} & {{IPA-id }}Malayalam IPA-ml }}Maltese IPA-mt }}Mandaic IPA-mid }}Mandarin Chinese IPA-cmn }} (see also {{IPAc-cmn }} hereafter)Manchu IPA-mnc }}Manx IPA-gv }}Māori IPA-mi }} (see also {{IPAc-mi }} hereafter)Marshallese IPA-mh }} (see also {{IPAc2-mh }} hereafter)Mayan IPA-myn }}Mingrelian IPA-xmf }}Mongolian IPA-mn }}Nahuatl IPA-nah }}Navajo IPA-nav }}Neapolitan IPA-nap }}Northern Thai IPA-nod }}Norwegian IPA-no }}Occitan IPA-oc }}Oriya IPA-or }}Oromo IPA-om }}Persian IPA-fa }}Piedmontese IPA-pms }}Polish IPA-pl }} (see also {{IPAc-pl }} hereafter)Portuguese Galician IPA-pt }} (see also {{IPAc-pt }} hereafter) & {{IPA-gl }}Punjabi IPA-pa }}Quechua IPA-qu }}Romanian IPA-ro }} (see also {{IPAc-ro }} hereafter)Romansh IPA-rm }}Russian IPA-ru }}Sanskrit IPA-sa }}Sardinian IPA-srd }}Saterland Frisian IPA-stq }}Scottish Gaelic IPA-gd }}Serbian Croatian IPA-sh }}, {{IPA-hr }}, {{IPA-sr }}Shan Tai Lü IPA-shn }}Sicilian IPA-scn }}Slovak IPA-sk }}Slovene IPA-sl }}Spanish IPA-es }} (see also {{IPAc-es }} hereafter)Svan IPA-sva }}Swazi IPA-ss }}Swedish IPA-sv }}Taiwanese Hokkien IPA-taiwan }}Tagalog (Filipino) IPA-tl }}Tamil IPA-ta }}Tatar IPA-tt }}Thai Lao-Isan IPA-th }} & {{IPA-lo }}Tibetan IPA-bo }}Turkish Azeri Turkmen IPA-tr }}, {{IPA-az }} & {{IPA-tk }}Ukrainian IPA-uk }}Uzbek IPA-uz }}Venetian IPA-vec }}Vietnamese IPA-vi }}Walloon IPA-wa }}Wandamen IPA-wad }}Welsh IPA-cy }}West Frisian IPA-fy }}Xhosa IPA-xh }}Yiddish IPA-yi }}Zulu IPA-zu }}
Languages without dedicated keys [ ફેરફાર કરો ] Templates have been created for languages which do not yet have dedicated key pages. Transcriptions which use these templates will link to Help:IPA for the time being; when a language-specific key is created the templates will be linked accordingly. For example, you can use {{IPA-jv |word}} for Javanese, but for the moment it will link to Help:IPA , producing Javanese pronunciation: [word]
Languages and language extensions (IPA-iso) with links to Help:IPA
{{IPA-ace }} Acehnese
{{IPA-ady }} Adyghe
{{IPA-ain }} Ainu
{{IPA-ak }} Akan (Fante, Twi)
{{IPA-akk }} Akkadian
{{IPA-alg }} Algonquian (Micmac, Cree)
{{IPA-all }} (transcriptions not specific to any language, or which have not yet been reassigned)
{{IPA-als }} Albanian dialects
{{IPA-an }} Aragonese
{{IPA-arn }} Mapuche
{{IPA-art }} artificial (Ido, Tolkien, etc.)
{{IPA-ath }} Athabaskan (Dene, Navajo)
{{IPA-ay }} Aymara
{{IPA-azc }} Uto-Aztecan (Shoshone, Comanche)
{{IPA-ba }} Bashkir
{{IPA-bm }} Manding/Bambara
{{IPA-bodia }} Bodish
{{IPA-cau }} (North) Caucasian
{{IPA-cel }} Celtic (Brythonic, Gaulish)
{{IPA-ch }} Chamorro
{{IPA-cop }} Coptic
{{IPA-csb }} Kashubian
{{IPA-cv }} Chuvash
{{IPA-dedia }} German dialects
{{IPA-dv }} Dhivehi
{{IPA-ee }} Gbe (Ewe, Fon)
{{IPA-enm }} Middle English
{{IPA-esdia }} Spanish dialects
{{IPA-fo }} Faroese
{{IPA-frdia }} French dialects (Canadian, Metis, Norman)
{{IPA-gez }} Ge'ez
{{IPA-ha }} Hausa
{{IPA-hak }} Hakka
{{IPA-hmn }} Hmong
{{IPA-ig }} Igbo
{{IPA-ik }} Inupiat
{{IPA-ira }} Iranian (Old Persian, Kurdish, Pamir)
{{IPA-iro }} Iroquoian (Mohawk, Cherokee)
{{IPA-itdia }} Italian dialects (Tuscan, Romanesco, Marchigiano, etc.)
{{IPA-jv }} Javanese
{{IPA-ki }} Kikuyu
{{IPA-kl }} Greenlandic
{{IPA-kn }} Kannada
{{IPA-kok }} Konkani
{{IPA-kw }} Cornish
{{IPA-ky }} Kyrgyz
{{IPA-lad }} Ladino
{{IPA-lg }} Ganda
{{IPA-lij }} Ligurian (Genoese)
{{IPA-ltc }} Middle Chinese
{{IPA-mga }} Middle Irish
{{IPA-mnw }} Mon
{{IPA-moh }} Mohawk
{{IPA-mos }} Mossi/Gurunsi
{{IPA-mr }} Marathi
{{IPA-mus }} Muskogean (Chickasaw, Creek)
{{IPA-na }} Nauruan
{{IPA-nan }} Minnan/Taiwanese
{{IPA-ne }} Nepali
{{IPA-non }} Old Norse
{{IPA-ny }} Chewa
{{IPA-oax }} Oaxaca (Zapotec, Mixe, Otomi)
{{IPA-pap }} Papiamento
{{IPA-poly }} (other) Polynesian
{{IPA-ps }} Pashto
{{IPA-ptdia }} Portuguese dialects
{{IPA-qya }} Quenya
{{IPA-rw }} Rwanda-Rundi
{{IPA-ryu }} Okinawan langs
{{IPA-sal }} Salish & NW Coast
{{IPA-sco }} Scots
{{IPA-sd }} Sindhi
{{IPA-sei }} Seri
{{IPA-sem }} (ancient) Semitic, Egyptian
{{IPA-sga }} Old Irish
{{IPA-si }} Sinhala
{{IPA-sio }} Siouan (Omaha, Lakota)
{{IPA-sla }} Slavic (old Slavic, Silesian, Sorbian)
{{IPA-sm }} Samoan
{{IPA-sn }} Shona
{{IPA-so }} Somali
{{IPA-st }} Sotho
{{IPA-su }} Sundanese
{{IPA-sux }} Sumerian
{{IPA-sw }} Swahili
{{IPA-syr }} Syriac
{{IPA-te }} Telugu
{{IPA-tn }} Tswana
{{IPA-to }} Tongan
{{IPA-tyv }} Tuvan
{{IPA-ug }} Uyghur
{{IPA-wo }} Wolof
{{IPA-wuu }} Wu/Shanghainese
{{IPA-xx }} (unidentified)
{{IPA-yo }} Yoruba
The template {{x2i }} takes X-SAMPA symbols (ASCII equivalents of IPA symbols) and converts them to IPA.
Other language-specific templates allow you to enter ordinary letters (or conventional ASCII equivalents) in place of IPA characters, and they will be automatically converted to the phonetic symbols that are used to transcribe the language. The templates that are currently available are shown below, with examples:
Arabic, {{IPAc-ar }}
{{IPAc-ar|2|a|l|l|u|gh|a|t_|a|l|3|a|r|a|b|i|y|y|a}} → [ʔalluɣat‿alʕarabijja]
Mandarin, {{IPAc-cmn }}
{{IPAc-cmn|zh|ong|1|h|ua|2|-|r|en|2|m|in|2|-|g|ong|4|h|e|2|g|uo|2}} → [ʈʂʊ́ŋxwǎ ɻə̌nmǐn kʊ̂ŋxɤ̌kwǒ]
English, {{IPAc-en }}
{{IPAc-en|'|s|{|n|d|,|k|a:|s|@l}} →
Spanish, {{IPAc-es }}
{{IPAc-es|m|i|'|gu|e|l|_|d|e|_|c|e|r|'|v|a|n|t|e|s|_|s|aa|'|v|e|d|r|a}} → [ m i ˈ ɣ e l ð e θ e ɾ ˈ β a n t e s s aː ˈ β e ð ɾ a ]
French, {{IPAc-fr }}
{{IPAc-fr|j|@|-|s|U|i|s_|a|m|é|r|i|c|ain}} → [ j ə s ɥ i .z‿ a m e ʁ i k ɛ̃ ]
Irish, {{IPAc-ga }}
{{IPAc-ga|'|b|ai|l'|@|-|'|á|th|@|-|'|c'|l'|ia|th}} → [ˈbˠalʲə ˈaːhə ˈclʲiəh]
Hebrew, {{IPAc-he }}
{{IPAc-he|y|a|ʿ|a|k|o|v}} → [ j a ʕ a k o v ]
Hungarian, {{IPAc-hu }}
{{IPAc-hu|'|m|a|gy|a|r}} → [ˈmɒɟɒr]
Italian, {{IPAc-it }}
{{IPAc-it|'|i|:|o|_|'|s|o|:|n|o|_|a|m|e|r|i|'|c|a|:|n|o}} → [ ˈ i ː o ˈ s o ː n o a m e r i ˈ k a ː n o ]
Japanese, {{IPAc-ja }}
{{IPAc-ja|ku|ro|si|o}} → [kɯɾoɕio]
Georgian {{IPAc-ka }}
{{IPAc-ka|dz|a|l|a|_|e|r|t|o|b|a|sh|i|a}} → [ d͡z ɑ l ɑ ɛ r tʰ ɔ b ɑ ʃ i ɑ ]
Korean, {{IPAc-ko }}
{{IPAc-ko|h|a|ng|eo}} → [haːŋəː]
Marshallese, {{IPAc2-mh }}
{{IPAc-mh|m|yay|J|^yeh|r|how|ow}} → [mʲæzʲ(ɛ͡ʌ)rˠɤ͡oo̯]
Māori, {{IPAc-mi }}
{{IPAc-mi|ng|ā|r|u|a|'|w|ā|h|i|a}} → [ŋ aː ɾ ʉ a ˈ w aː h i a
Polish, {{IPAc-pl }}
{{IPAc-pl|'|sz|cz|e|ć|i|n}} → [ˈʂt͡ʂɛt͡ɕin]
Portuguese, {{IPAc-pt }}
{{IPAc-pt|p|o|<|r|t|u|'|g|a|l|lang=pt}} and {{IPAc-pt|b|r|a|'|s|i|l|lang=br}} → [ p u ɾ t u ˈ ɣ a ɫ ] [ b ɾ a ˈ s i w ]
Romanian, {{IPAc-ro }}
{{IPAc-ro|ˈ|m|U|n|ț|ii|_|f|ă|G|ă|ˈ|r|a|ș|U|l|U|i}} →
Cantonese, {{IPAc-yue }}
{{IPAc-yue|h|ung|2|.|z|i|2}} → [hǒŋ.tsǐː]
The following templates need amendment:
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